Ragtaya
In the Golic Vulcan languages, the verb takes only one form for all three persons, singular or plural, in a tense. There are three types of verbs in these languages: Weak, Irregular Strong and Regular Strong. There are no separate transitive or intransitive forms in Traditional and Modern Golic Vulcan.
Weak Verbs are formed from a word root and the suffix "-tor". This form stays the same for all persons. Weak Verbs are very common in Golic Vulcan.
Irregular Strong Verbs can take any form, such as estuhl (to touch) or pstha (to search), and are usually ancient words still in use or borrowings from non-Golic languages. Like the Weak Verbs, they keep the same form in all persons.
Regular Strong Verbs all end with "~au". They keep this infinitive form in all present and future tenses. In the past tenses, the ending changes to "~al".
All three types of verbs are treated the same way in perfect past tense and the future tense. In the perfect past tense, the verb is prefixed with " ki' ". For example, sarlah means "to come" while ki'sarlah means "has come". In the future tense, all verbs either go by context or are preceded by helper words. In Superior Mode this is fa'wak (future). For example, fa'wak pehkau means "will stop" or "shall stop" (literally "future to stop"). In Normal Mode, this is "dungi|-|" (shall, will). For example, dungi-pehkau ("will stop" or "shall stop"). "Dungi" is not hyphenated and affixed with Weak Verbs but is with both Strong Verbs in future tense.
EXAMPLES OF VERB FORMS
Li-fallar t'Tor-zhit-shidlar
Weak Verbs (Normal Mode):
Gla-tor (to see)
Gla-tor nash-veh (lit. sees this-one) = I see
Gla-tor du = you (singular) see
Gla-tor sa-veh (lit. sees male-one) = he sees
Gla-tor ko-veh (lit. sees female-one) = she sees
Gla-tor ish-veh (lit. sees that-one) = it sees
Gla-tor etek = we see
Gla-tor dular = you (plural) see
Gla-tor au = they see
Vesht gla-tor nash-veh = I saw, etc.
Ki'gla-tor nash-veh = I have seen, etc.
Kup gla-tor nash-veh = I am able to see, etc.
Kupi gla-tor nash-veh = I could see, etc.
Dungi gla-tor nash-veh = I will/shall see, etc.
Kupi ki'gla-tor nash-veh = I could have seen, etc.
Dungi ki'gla-tor nash-veh = I will/shall have seen, etc.
Vesht dungi ki'gla-tor nash-veh = I would/should have seen, etc.
Vesht kup gla-tor nash-veh = I was able to see, etc.
Dungi kup gla-tor nash-veh = I will/shall be able to see, etc.
Irregular Strong Verbs (Normal Mode):
Sarlah (to come)
Sarlah nash-veh = I come
Sarlah tu = you (singular) come
Sarlah sa-veh = he comes
Sarlah ko-veh = she comes
Sarlah ish-veh = it comes
Sarlah etek = we come
Sarlah tular = you (plural) come
Sarlah au = they come
Vesht sarlah nash-veh = I came, etc.
Ki'sarlah nash-veh = I have come, etc.
Kup-sarlah nash-veh = I am able to come, etc.
Kupi-sarlah nash-veh = I could come, etc.
Dungi-sarlah nash-veh = I will/shall come, etc.
Kupi ki'sarlah nash-veh = I could have come, etc.
Dungi ki'sarlah nash-veh = I will/shall have come, etc.
Vesht dungi ki'sarlah nash-veh = I would/should have come, etc.
Vesht kup-sarlah nash-veh = I was able to come, etc.
Dungi kup-sarlah nash-veh = I will/shall be able to come, etc.
Regular Strong Verbs (Normal Mode):
Pekhau (to stop)
Pekhau nash-veh = I stop
Pekhau tu = you (singular) stop
Pekhau sa-veh = he stops
Pekhau ko-veh = she stops
Pekhau ish-veh = it stops
Pekhau etek = we stop
Pekhau tular = you (plural) stop
Pekhau au = they stop
Pekhal nash-veh = I stopped, etc.
Ki'pekhal nash-veh = I have stopped, etc.
Kup-pekhau nash-veh = I am able to stop, etc.
Kupi-pekhau nash-veh = I could stop, etc.
Dungi-pekhau nash-veh = I will/shall stop, etc.
Kupi ki'pekhal nash-veh = I could have stopped, etc.
Dungi ki'pekhal nash-veh = I would/should have stopped, etc.
Vesht dungi ki'pekhal nash-veh = I would/should have stopped, etc.
Vesht kup-pekhau nash-veh = I was able to stop, etc.
Dungi kup-pekhau nash-veh = I will/shall be able to stop, etc.
