TGV/MGV - Lesson 20
Ba-|Iyi-Gol-Vuhlkansu - Tupa 20

IMPERATIVES
Toru-Zhitlar

This lesson has to do with the formation of imperatives in Golic Vulcan. Imperatives are the forms of words used when commanding someone or something to do a specific action. Examples: "Stay!" "Sit!" "Roll Over!" "Answer!" As with many other parts of Golic Vulcan speech, there is a normal form used with most people, such as equals, friends, children, people in an inferior position in rank or status, a pet, etc.; and an honorific form used with a superior, a parent, a teacher or other honored person.


Notes
Pitohlar

Normal imperatives are formed by suffixing " 'uh " to a combining form of the verb. Honorific imperatives are formed by suffixing " 'voh " to a combining form of the verb.

Weak Verbs, as we have shown earlier, are any verbs that end in " -tor ", such as kal-tor (to allow, to let). The root of kal-tor is "kal". Adding the imperative suffixes, you get "kal'uh" (normal) and "kal'voh" (honorific). Examples of use are: >Kal'uh nash-veh..< and its counterpart >Kal'voh nash-veh..< meaning "Let me!"

Regular Strong Verbs are any verbs that that end in " au ", such as vashau (to destroy). You would assume that to form the imperative, you would drop the " au " and suffix it, but this causes a potential confusion in meaning, since there could be verbs like "vashau" and "vash-tor" that might mean something different, thus the roots would not be able to be used identically. In order to not confuse the meaning of words, regular strong verbs drop only the final " u " before adding the imperative suffixes. "Vashau" becomes "vasha'uh" and "vasha'voh". Examples of use are: >Vasha'uh yel-hali t'nemut..< and >Vasha'voh yel-hali t'nemut..< meaning "Destroy the enemy starship!"

Irregular Strong Verbs are any verbs that do not end in " -tor " or " au ", such as tu'ash (to open). The imperative suffixes are added directly to the end of irregular strong verbs, thus you get "tu'ash'uh" (normal) and "tu'ash'voh" (honorific). Examples of use are: >Tu'ash'uh svep..< and its counterpart >Tu'ash'voh svep..< meaning "Open the door!"


There are no exercises for this lesson.


The student is encouraged to experiment creating imperatives from words in the dictionaries.

This lesson was put online on
March 30, 2004.
and was updated on
September 4, 2004.




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